1   ATTPHY    PARFRAC
     0.03      0.40
2   PHYGRTH   PHYEXUD   PHYLR1
     0.025     0.05      0.04
3   GRTHPA    GRTHPB    GRTHPC
     0.6       1.066     1.0
4   HSNO3     HSNH4     NO3INH
     0.5       0.5       1.5
5   ZGRAZR    ZGRAZK    ZASSEFF
     1.0       1.0       0.75
6   PREFPHY   PREFBAC   PREFPON
     0.5       0.25      0.25
7   ZEXCRR    ZEXCNH4
     0.1       0.75
8   ZMORTR    ZMORTEX
     0.05      0.33
9   BACGRR    BACGRK    BACFRAC   BEXCRR
     2.0       0.5       0.6       0.05
10  WSNKPON   BRKNPON
     10.0      0.05
11  RMNBIO    RMNPON1   RMNPON2   RMNNH4
     0.1       0.1       0.0       0.1
12  SBLDEP
     123.0
13  BIOPOS
      0    
14  (NO3) (PHY) (ZOO) (NH4) (PON) (DON) (BAC) (NH4PR) (NO3PR) (ZGRPHY) (1:10)
      1     1     1     1     1     1     1      1       1        1
15  (ZGRBAC) (ZGRPON) (BGRNH4) (BGRDON) (FPFLUX) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )   (11:20)
       1        1        1        1        1      0   0   0   0   0
99  END of biological parameters
 
 
                               GLOSSARY
                               --------

*** Card 1:
 
ATTPHY   light attenuation by phytoplankton (liter umole-1 m-1).
         {"kc" Fasham et al. Model}.
PARFRAC  fraction of shortwave radiation that is photosynthetically
         active (nondimensional).
         {"PAR" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 2:

PHYGRTH  initial slope of P-I curve (Watt-1 m^2 day-1).  
         {"alpha" Fasham et al. Model}.
PHYEXUD  fraction of primary production exuded as DON (nondimensional). 
         {"gamma1" Fasham et al. Model}.
PHYLR1   phytoplankton mortality rate (day-1).
         {"mu1" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 3:

GRTHPA   temperature-dependent growth rate parameter "a" (day-1). 
         {"a" Fasham et al. Model}.
GRTHPB   temperature-dependent growth rate parameter "b" (nondimensional). 
         {"b" Fasham et al. Model}.
GRTHPC   temperature-dependent growth rate parameter "c" (degC-1).
         {"c" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 4:

HSNO3    half saturation constant for nitrate uptake (umoles/l).
         {"K1" Fasham et al. Model}.
HSNH4    half saturation constant for ammonium uptake (umoles/l).
         {"K2" Fasham et al. Model}.
NO3INH   strength of ammonium inhibition of nitrate uptake (l/umoles).
         {"Psi" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 5:

ZGRAZR   zooplankton maximum growth rate (day-1). 
         {"g" Fasham et al. Model}.
ZGRAZK   zooplankton growth half-saturation constant (umoles/l). 
         {"K3" Fasham et al. Model}.
ZASSEFF  zooplankton assimilation efficiency fraction (nondimensional). 
         {"gamma2" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 6:

PREFPHY  zooplankton grazing preference for phytoplankton (nondimensional). 
         {"rho1" Fasham et al. Model}.
PREFBAC  zooplankton grazing preference for bacteria (nondimensional). 
         {"rho2" Fasham et al. Model}.
PREFPON  zooplankton grazing preference for PON (nondimensional).
         {"rho3" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 7:

ZEXCRR   zooplankton excretion rate (day-1). 
         {"mu2" Fasham et al. Model}.
ZEXCNH4  fraction of zooplankton excretion to NH4 (nondimensional).
         (The remainder goes to DON.)
         {"gamma3" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 8:

ZMORTR   zooplankton mortality rate (day-1). 
         {"mu5" Fasham et al. Model}.
ZMORTEX  fraction of zooplankton mortality to export (nondimensional).
         (The remainder goes to NH4.)
         {"gamma4" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 9:

BACGRR   bacteria maximum growth rate (day-1). 
         {"VB" Fasham et al. Model}.
BACGRK   bacteria uptake half-saturation constant (umoles/l). 
         {"K4" Fasham et al. Model}.
BACFRAC  bacterial ratio of NH4/DON uptake (nondimensional).
         {"eta" Fasham et al. Model}.
BEXCRR   bacteria excretion rate to NH4 (day-1).
         {"mu3" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 10:

WSNKPON  PON sinking velocity (m day-1). 
         {"ws" Fasham et al. Model}.
BRKNPON  PON breakdown rate to DON (day-1). 
         {"mu4" Fasham et al. Model}.

*** Card 11:

RMNBIO   aphotic zone decay timescale for PHY, ZOO, BAC, DON (day-1). 
RMNPON1  linear aphotic zone decay timescale for PON (day-1) .
RMNPON2  quadratic decay timescale for PON (liter umole-1 day-1). 
RMNNH4   aphotic zone decay timescale for NH4 (day-1).

*** Card 12:

SBLDEP   euphotic zone depth (m). 

*** Card 13:

BIOPOS    switch to enforce positive biological fields:
          [0] do not enforce, [1] enforce.

*** Cards 14-15: biological model output field switches:

         Convention:
         [0] do not write,
         [1] write.

IBIOUT(1)  nitrate concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(2)  phytoplankton concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(3)  zooplankton concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(4)  ammonium concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(5)  PON concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(6)  DON concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(7)  bacteria concentration (millimoles nitrogen meter-3).
IBIOUT(8)  recycled (NH4) production rate (millimoles nitrogen meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(9)  new (NO3) production rate (millimoles nitrogen meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(10) zooplankton grazing rate of phytoplankton (millimoles nitrogen
           meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(11) zooplankton grazing rate of bacteria (millimoles nitrogen meter-3
           day-1).
IBIOUT(12) zooplankton grazing rate of PON (millimoles nitrogen meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(13) bacteria grazing rate of NH4 (millimoles nitrogen meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(14) bacteria grazing rate of DON (millimoles nitrogen meter-3 day-1).
IBIOUT(15) fast-sinking export flux; note that this is the ZMORTR*ZMORTEX*ZOO
           term, and does not include the PON sinking flux (micromoles
           nitrogen meter-2 day-1).

           1 millimole = 10^-3 moles
           1 micromole = 10^-6 moles


 References:
 ----------

 (1) Fasham, M.J.R., H.W. Ducklow, and S.M. McKelvie, 1990: A nitrogen-
        based model of plankton dynamics in the oceanic mixed layer.
        Journal of Marine Research, 48, 591-639.

 (2) Sarmiento, J.L., R.D. Slater, M.J.R. Fasham, H.W Ducklow, J.R.
        Toggweiler, and G.T. Evans, 1993: A seasonal three-dimensional
        ecosystem model of nitrogen cycling in the North Atlantic
        euphotic zone. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 7 (2), 417-450.
