Oceanographic and Atmospheric Conditions on the Continental Shelf North of the Monterey Bay during August 2006
A comprehensive data set from the ocean and atmosphere was
obtained just north of the Monterey Bay as part of the Monterey
Bay 2006 (MB06) field experiment. The wind stress, heat
fluxes, and sea surface temperature were sampled by the Naval
Postgraduate School’s Twin Otter research aircraft. In situ data
were collected using ships, moorings, gliders and AUVs. Four
data-assimilating numerical models were additionally run, including
the Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System
(COAMPS) model for the atmosphere and the Harvard Ocean
Prediction System (HOPS), the Regional Ocean Modeling System
(ROMS), and the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) for the ocean.
The scientific focus of the Adaptive Sampling and Prediction
Experiment (ASAP) was on the upwelling/relaxation cycle and
the resulting three-dimensional coastal circulation near a coastal
promontory, in this case Point Ano Nuevo, CA. The emphasis of this
study is on the circulation over the continental shelf as estimated
from the wind forcing, two ADCP moorings, and model outputs. The
wind stress during August 2006 consisted of 3-10 day upwelling
favorable events separated by brief 1-3 day relaxations. During the first two weeks there was some correlation between local winds
and currents and the three models’ capability to reproduce the
events. During the last two weeks, largely equatorward surface
wind stress forced the sea surface and barotropic poleward flow
occurred over the shelf, reducing model skill at predicting the circulation.
The poleward flow was apparently remotely forced by
mesoscale eddies and alongshore pressure gradients, which were
not well simulated by the models. The small, high-resolution model
domains were highly reliant on correct open boundary conditions
to drive these larger-scale poleward flows. Multiply-nested models
were no more effective than well-initialized local models in this
respect.