Evaluation of Analytical Turbulence Closures for Quasi-Geostrophic Ocean Flows with Coastal Boundaries
High-resolution fluid simulations that fully resolve all spatio-temporal scales and processes in geophysical and turbulent flows are intractable in large domains. Large-eddy simulations (LES) commonly filter out subgrid-scale features, making some simulations tractable, but they can limit reliability and usefulness for some applications, with possible solution divergence. To ensure stable, reliable solutions, these simulations must be closed with accurate subgrid-scale parameterizations. Previous works have evaluated analytical closures for oceanic flows, with recent emphasis on data-driven neural closures. However, these turbulence closures have not yet been applied to flows around coastal boundaries and interior landforms. In this work, we evaluate analytical turbulence closure models for 2D Quasi-Geostrophic (QG) turbulent flows in the presence of coastal boundaries such as capes and islands.